The High Contracting Parties, Las Altas Partes Contratantes, Recognizing that cultural property has suffered grave damage during recent armed conflicts and that, by reason of the developments in the technique of warfare, it is in increasing danger of destruction; Reconociendo que los bienes culturales ha sufrido graves daños durante los conflictos armados recientes y que, por razón de la evolución de la técnica de la guerra, es cada vez más en peligro de destrucción;
Being convinced that damage to cultural property belonging to any people whatsoever means damage to the cultural heritage of all mankind, since each people makes its contribution to the culture of the world; Estar convencidos de que los daños a los bienes culturales pertenecientes a cualquier pueblo significa el daño al patrimonio cultural de toda la humanidad, puesto que cada pueblo aporta su contribución a la cultura del mundo;
Considering that the preservation of the cultural heritage is of great importance for all peoples of the world and that it is important that this heritage should receive international protection; Teniendo en cuenta que la preservación del patrimonio cultural es de gran importancia para todos los pueblos del mundo y que es importante que este patrimonio debe recibir la protección internacional;
Guided by the principles concerning the protection of cultural property during armed conflict, as established in the Conventions of The Hague of 1899 and of 1907 and in the Washington Pact of 15 April 1935; Guiada por los principios relativos a la protección de los bienes culturales durante los conflictos armados, según lo establecido en los Convenios de La Haya de 1899 y de 1907 y en el Pacto de Washington de 15 de abril de 1935;
Being of the opinion that such protection cannot be effective unless both national and international measures have been taken to organize it in time of peace; Siendo de la opinión de que tal protección no puede ser eficaz a menos que los planos nacional e internacional se han adoptado medidas para organizar en tiempo de paz;
Being determined to take all possible steps to protect cultural property; Ser decididos a tomar todas las medidas posibles para proteger los bienes culturales;
Have agreed upon the following provisions: Han acordado las siguientes disposiciones:
CHAPTER I : GENERAL PROVISIONS REGARDING PROTECTION CAPÍTULO I: Disposiciones generales relativas a la protección
Definition of Cultural Property Definición de los bienes culturales
Article 1. Artículo 1. For the purposes of the present Convention, the term "cultural property" shall cover, irrespective of A los efectos de la presente Convención, la expresión "propiedad cultural" se referirá, con independencia de
origin or ownership: origen o la propiedad:
(a) movable or immovable property of great importance to the cultural heritage of every people, such asmonuments of architecture, art or history, whether religious or secular; archaeological sites; groups of buildings which, as a whole, are of historical or artistic interest; works of art; manuscripts, books and other objects of artistic, historical or archaeological interest; as well as scientific collections and important collections of books or archives or of reproductions of the property defined above; (a) bienes muebles o inmuebles de gran importancia para el patrimonio cultural de cada pueblo, por ejemplo, asmonuments de la arquitectura, el arte o la historia, ya sea religiosa o secular, sitios arqueológicos, grupos de edificios que, en su conjunto, son de interés histórico o artístico de interés ; Obras de arte, manuscritos, libros y otros objetos de interés artístico, histórico o arqueológico, así como las colecciones científicas e importantes colecciones de libros o archivos o de reproducciones de la propiedad se define supra;
(b) buildings whose main and effective purpose is to preserve or exhibit the movable cultural property defined in sub-paragraph (a) such as museums, large libraries and depositories of archives, and refuges intended to shelter, in the event of armed conflict, the movable cultural property defined in subparagraph (a); (b) los edificios y cuyo principal objetivo es eficaz para conservar o exhibir los bienes culturales muebles definidos en el sub-párrafo (a), tales como museos, bibliotecas y grandes depósitos de archivos, y los refugios destinados a la vivienda, en caso de conflicto armado, los bienes culturales muebles definidos en el inciso (a);
(c) centres containing a large amount of cultural property as defined in sub-paragraphs (a) and (b), to be known as "centres containing monuments". (c) los centros que contienen una gran cantidad de los bienes culturales, tal como se definen en los incisos (a) y (b), que se conoce como "centros monumentales".
Protection of Cultural Property Protección de los Bienes Culturales
Art. Art. 2. 2. For the purposes of the present Convention, the protection of cultural property shall comprise the safeguarding of and respect for such property. A los efectos de la presente Convención, la protección de bienes culturales estará compuesta por la salvaguardia y el respeto de dichos bienes.
Safeguarding of Cultural Property Salvaguardia de los bienes culturales
Art. Art. 3. 3. The High Contracting Parties undertake to prepare in time of peace for the safeguarding of cultural property situated within their own territory against the foreseeable effects of an armed conflict, by taking such measures as they consider appropriate. Las Altas Partes Contratantes se comprometen a preparar en tiempo de paz para la salvaguardia de los bienes culturales situados en su propio territorio contra los efectos previsibles de un conflicto armado, mediante la adopción de las medidas que consideren apropiadas.
Respect for Cultural Property Respeto de los bienes culturales
Art. Art. 4. 4. 1. 1. The High Contracting Parties undertake to respect cultural property situated within their own territory as well as within the territory of other High Contracting Parties by refraining from any use of the property and its immediate surroundings or of the appliances in use for its protection for purposes which are likely to expose it to destruction or damage in the event of armed conflict; and by refraining from any act of hostility directed against such property. Las Altas Partes Contratantes se comprometen a respetar los bienes culturales situados en su propio territorio, así como en el territorio de otras Altas Partes Contratantes se abstengan de cualquier uso de los bienes y su entorno inmediato o de los aparatos en uso para su protección a los fines que se probable que lo exponga a la destrucción o daños en caso de conflicto armado, y absteniéndose de todo acto de hostilidad dirigidos contra esos bienes.
2. 2. The obligations mentioned in paragraph I of the present Article may be waived only in cases where military necessity imperatively requires such a waiver. Las obligaciones mencionadas en el párrafo I del presente artículo podrán ser objeto de renuncia sólo en los casos en que la necesidad militar imperativa de tal renuncia.
3. 3. The High Contracting Parties further undertake to prohibit, prevent and, if necessary, put a stop to any form of theft, pillage or misappropriation of, and any acts of vandalism directed against, cultural property. Las Altas Partes Contratantes se comprometen además a prohibir, prevenir y, si es necesario, poner fin a cualquier forma de robo, pillaje o apropiación indebida de, y cualquier acto de vandalismo dirigido contra los bienes culturales. They shall, refrain from requisitioning movable cultural property situated in the territory of another High Contracting Party. Los Estados miembros, se abstengan de requisición de los bienes culturales muebles situados en el territorio de otra Alta Parte Contratante.
4. 4. They shall refrain from any act directed by way of reprisals against cultural property. Se abstendrán de todo acto dirigido por el título de represalia contra los bienes culturales.
5. 5. No High Contracting Party may evade the obligations incumbent upon it under the present Article, in respect of another High Contracting Party, by reason of the fact that the latter has not applied the measures of safeguard referred to in Article 3. No Alta Parte Contratante podrá eludir las obligaciones que le incumben en virtud del presente artículo, con respecto a otra Alta Parte Contratante, por el hecho de que este último no ha aplicado las medidas de salvaguardia contempladas en el artículo 3.
Occupation Ocupación
Art. Art. 5. 5. 1. 1. Any High Contracting Party in occupation of the whole or part of the territory of another High Contracting Party shall as far as possible support the competent national authorities of the occupied country in safeguarding and preserving its cultural property. Toda Alta Parte Contratante en la ocupación de la totalidad o parte del territorio de otra Alta Parte Contratante en la medida de lo posible el apoyo de las autoridades nacionales competentes del país ocupado en la protección y la preservación de sus bienes culturales.
2. 2. Should it prove necessary to take measures to preserve cultural property situated in occupied territory and damaged by military operations, and should the competent national authorities be unable to take such measures, the Occupying Power shall, as far as possible, and in close co-operation with such authorities, take the most necessary measures of preservation. En caso de que resultara necesario adoptar medidas para preservar los bienes culturales situados en territorio ocupado y dañados por las operaciones militares, y las autoridades nacionales competentes no podrán tomar dichas medidas, la Potencia ocupante, en la medida de lo posible, y en estrecha cooperación con dichas autoridades, la mayoría de tomar las medidas necesarias de conservación.
3. 3. Any High Contracting Party whose government is considered their legitimate government by members of a resistance movement, shall, if possible, draw their attention to the obligation to comply with those provisions of the Conventions dealing with respect for cultural property. Toda Alta Parte Contratante en cuyo gobierno se considera su gobierno legítimo por parte de los miembros de un movimiento de resistencia, deberá, si es posible, llamar su atención sobre la obligación de cumplir con las disposiciones de los convenios que tratan con el respeto de los bienes culturales.
Distinctive Marking of Cultural Property Distintivo de los bienes culturales
Art. Art. 6. 6. In accordance with the provisions of Article 16, cultural property may bear a distinctive emblem so as to facilitate its recognition. De conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 16, los bienes culturales podrán llevar un emblema distintivo a fin de facilitar su reconocimiento.
Military Measures Medidas militares
Art. Art. 7. 7. 1. 1. The High Contracting Parties undertake to introduce in time of peace into their military regulations or instructions such provisions as may ensure observance of the present Convention, and to foster in the members of their armed forces a spirit of respect for the culture and cultural property of all peoples. Las Altas Partes Contratantes se comprometen a introducir en tiempo de paz en sus reglamentos militares, tales instrucciones o disposiciones que puedan garantizar el cumplimiento de la presente Convención, y para fomentar en los miembros de sus fuerzas armadas un espíritu de respeto por la cultura y de los bienes culturales de todos los los pueblos.
2. 2. The High Contracting Parties undertake to plan or establish in peacetime, within their armed forces, services or specialist personnel whose purpose will be to secure respect for cultural property and to co-operate with the civilian authorities responsible for safeguarding it. Las Altas Partes Contratantes se comprometen a establecer o plan de paz, dentro de sus fuerzas armadas, servicios o personal especializado cuya finalidad será la de garantizar el respeto de los bienes culturales y de cooperar con las autoridades civiles responsables de la salvaguardia de ella.
CHAPTER II : SPECIAL PROTECTION CAPÍTULO II: protección especial
Granting of Special Protection Concesión de una protección especial
Art. Art. 8. 8. 1. 1. There may be placed under special protection a limited number of refuges intended to shelter movable cultural property in the event of armed conflict, of centres containing monuments and other immovable cultural property of very great importance, provided that No podrán ser puestos bajo protección especial un número limitado de refugios destinados a la vivienda los bienes culturales muebles en caso de conflicto armado, de centros monumentales y otros bienes culturales inmuebles de gran importancia, a condición de que
they: que:
(a) are situated at an adequate distance from any large industrial centre or from any important military objective constituting a vulnerable point, such as, for example, an aerodrome, broadcasting station, establishment engaged upon work of national defence, a port or railway station of relative importance or a main line of communication; (a) están situados a suficiente distancia de cualquier gran centro industrial o de cualquier objetivo militar importante que constituye un punto vulnerables, tales como, por ejemplo, un aeródromo, la estación de radiodifusión, el establecimiento dedicado a la labor de la defensa nacional, un puerto o la estación de tren de la importancia relativa o una línea principal de comunicación;
(b) are not used for military purposes. (b) no se utilicen con fines militares.
2. 2. A refuge for movable cultural property may also be placed under special protection, whatever its location, if it is so constructed that, in all probability, it will not be damaged by bombs. Un refugio para los bienes culturales muebles también pueden ser puestas bajo protección especial, independientemente de su ubicación, si está construido de manera que, con toda probabilidad, no será dañado por las bombas.
3. 3. A centre containing monuments shall be deemed to be used for military purposes whenever it is used for the movement of military personnel or material, even in transit. Un centro que contiene los monumentos, se considerará que se utilizará para fines militares cuando se utiliza para el movimiento de personal militar o material, ni siquiera en tránsito. The same shall apply whenever activities directly connected with military operations, the stationing of military personnel, or the production of war material are carried on within the centre. Lo mismo se aplicará cuando las actividades directamente relacionadas con las operaciones militares, la presencia de personal militar, o la producción de material de guerra se llevan a cabo en el centro.
4. 4. The guarding of cultural property mentioned in paragraph I above by armed custodians specially empowered to do so, or the presence, in the vicinity of such cultural property, of police forces normally responsible for the maintenance of public order, shall not be deemed to be used for military purposes. La protección de los bienes culturales mencionados en el párrafo I del presente documento por los custodios armados especialmente facultado para hacerlo, o la presencia, en las proximidades de tales bienes culturales, de las fuerzas de policía normalmente responsable del mantenimiento del orden público, no se considerará que se ha utilizado para fines militares.
5. 5. If any cultural property mentioned in paragraph I of the present Article is situated near an important military objective as defined in the said paragraph, it may nevertheless be placed under special protection if the High Contracting Party asking for that protection undertakes, in the event of armed conflict, to make no use of the objective and particularly, in the case of a port, railway station or aerodrome, to divert all traffic therefrom. Si alguna de los bienes culturales mencionados en el párrafo I del presente artículo está situado cerca de un importante objetivo militar, tal como se definen en dicho apartado, podrá no obstante ser objeto de protección especial en caso de la Alta Parte Contratante que solicite la protección que se compromete, en caso de armado conflicto, a no hacer uso de el objetivo y, en particular, en el caso de un puerto, la estación de tren o aeródromo, a desviar todo el tráfico de ella. In that event, such diversion shall be prepared in time of peace. En este caso, por ejemplo, la desviación será preparado en tiempo de paz.
6. 6. Special protection is granted to cultural property by its entry in the "International Register of Cultural Property under Special Protection". Especiales de protección se concede a los bienes culturales mediante su inscripción en el "Registro Internacional de Bienes Culturales bajo Protección Especial". This entry shall only be made, in accordance with the provisions of the present Convention and under the conditions provided for in the Regulations for the execution of the Convention. Esta entrada sólo se realizará, de conformidad con las disposiciones de la presente Convención y en las condiciones previstas en el Reglamento para la ejecución de la Convención.
Immunity of Cultural Property under Special Protection Inmunidad de los bienes culturales bajo protección especial
Art. Art. 9. 9. The High Contracting Parties undertake to ensure the immunity of cultural property under special protection by refraining, from the time of entry in the International Register, from any act of hostility directed against such property and, except for the cases provided for in paragraph 5 of Article 8, from any use of such property or its surroundings for military purposes. Las Altas Partes Contratantes se comprometen a garantizar la inmunidad de los bienes culturales bajo protección especial absteniéndose, desde el momento de la entrada en el Registro Internacional, de cualquier acto de hostilidad dirigidos contra esos bienes y, salvo en los casos previstos en el apartado 5 del artículo 8, de cualquier utilización de dichos bienes o sus alrededores con fines militares.
Identification and Control Identificación y Control
Art. Art. 10. 10. During an armed conflict, cultural property under special protection shall be marked with the distinctive emblem described in Article 16, and shall be open to international control as provided for in the Regulations for the execution of the Convention. Durante un conflicto armado, los bienes culturales bajo protección especial deberán ir marcados con el emblema distintivo descrito en el artículo 16, y estará abierto a la fiscalización internacional según lo previsto en el Reglamento para la ejecución de la Convención.
Withdrawal of Immunity La retirada de la inmunidad
Art. Art. 11. 11. 1. 1. If one of the High Contracting Parties commits, in respect of any item of cultural property under special protection, a violation of the obligations under Article 9, the opposing Party shall, so long as this violation persists, be released from the obligation to ensure the immunity of the property concerned. Si una de las Altas Partes Contratantes se compromete, respecto de cualquier tema de los bienes culturales bajo protección especial, una violación de las obligaciones de conformidad con el artículo 9, la parte que presente oposición, siempre y cuando esta violación persiste, se liberará de la obligación de garantizar la la inmunidad de la propiedad en cuestión. Nevertheless, whenever possible, the latter Party shall first request the cessation of such violation within a reasonable time. No obstante, siempre que sea posible, la última Parte deberá solicitar el cese de dicha violación dentro de un plazo razonable.
2. 2. Apart from the case provided for in paragraph I of the present Article, immunity shall be withdrawn from cultural property under special protection only in exceptional cases of unavoidable military necessity, and only for such time as that necessity continues. Aparte de los casos previstos en el párrafo I del presente artículo, la inmunidad será retirada de los bienes culturales bajo protección especial sólo en casos excepcionales de necesidad militar ineludible, y sólo para el momento en que la necesidad continúa. Such necessity can be established only by the officer commanding a force the equivalent of a division in size or larger. Esa necesidad puede ser establecido sólo por el mando de un oficial de la fuerza equivalente de una división en el tamaño o más grande. Whenever circumstances permit, the opposing Party shall be notified, a reasonable time in advance, of the decision to withdraw immunity. Siempre que las circunstancias lo permitan, el oponente será notificada, de un plazo razonable de antelación, la decisión de retirar la inmunidad.
3. 3. The Party withdrawing immunity shall, as soon as possible, so inform the Commissioner-General for cultural property provided for in the Regulations for the execution of the Convention, in writing, stating the reasons. La Parte de retirar la inmunidad, tan pronto como sea posible, informará de ello al Comisionado General para los bienes culturales prevista en el Reglamento para la ejecución de la Convención, por escrito, indicando los motivos.
CHAPTER III : TRANSPORT OF CULTURAL PROPERTY CAPÍTULO III: transporte de los bienes culturales
Transport under Special Protection Transporte bajo protección especial
Art. Art. 12. 12. 1. 1. Transport exclusively engaged in the transfer of cultural property, whether within a territory or to another territory, may, at the request of the High Contracting Party concerned, take place under special protection in accordance with the conditions specified in the Regulations for the execution of the Convention. Transporte exclusivamente en la transferencia de los bienes culturales, ya sea dentro de un territorio o de otro territorio, podrá, a petición de la Alta Parte Contratante interesada, tendrá lugar bajo protección especial de conformidad con las condiciones especificadas en el Reglamento para la ejecución de la Convenio.
2. 2. Transport under special protection shall take place under the international supervision provided for in the aforesaid Regulations and shall display the distinctive emblem described in Article 16. Transporte bajo protección especial se llevará a cabo bajo la supervisión internacional prevista en el citado Reglamento y deberá mostrar el emblema distintivo descrito en el artículo 16.
3. 3. The High Contracting Parties shall refrain from any act of hostility directed against transport under special protection. Las Altas Partes Contratantes se abstendrán de todo acto de hostilidad dirigidos contra el transporte bajo protección especial.
Transport in Urgent Cases Transporte en casos de urgencia
Art. Art. 13. 13. 1. 1. If a High Contracting Party considers that the safety of certain cultural property requires its transfer and that the matter is of such urgency that the procedure laid down in Article 12 cannot be followed, especially at the beginning of an armed conflict, the transport may display the distinctive emblem described in Article 16, provided that an application for immunity referred to in Article 12 has not already been made and refused. Si una Alta Parte Contratante considera que la seguridad de determinados bienes culturales exige su traslado y que el asunto es de tal urgencia que el procedimiento establecido en el artículo 12 no se puede seguir, especialmente en el comienzo de un conflicto armado, el transporte puede mostrar el emblema distintivo descrito en el artículo 16, siempre que una solicitud de inmunidad a que se refiere el artículo 12 no se ha hecho y se negó. As far as possible, notification of transfer should be made to the opposing Parties. En la medida de lo posible, la notificación de la transferencia debe hacerse a las partes enfrentadas. Nevertheless, transport conveying cultural property to the territory of another country may not display the distinctive emblem unless immunity has been expressly granted to it. Sin embargo, el transporte transmitir los bienes culturales en el territorio de otro país no podrá mostrar el emblema distintivo a menos que la inmunidad ha sido concedida expresamente a él.
2. 2. The High Contracting Parties shall take, so far as possible, the necessary precautions to avoid acts of hostility directed against the transport described in paragraph 1 of the present Article and displaying the distinctive emblem. Las Altas Partes Contratantes adoptarán, la medida de lo posible, las precauciones necesarias para evitar actos de hostilidad dirigidos contra el transporte se describe en el párrafo 1 del presente artículo y que muestra el emblema distintivo.
Immunity from Seizure, Capture and Prize Inmunidad contra la incautación, y el Premio Captura
Art. Art. 14. 14. 1. 1. Immunity from seizure, placing in prize, or capture shall be granted to: Inmunidad contra la incautación, la puesta en el premio, o la captura se concederá a:
(a) cultural property enjoying the protection provided for in Article 12 or that provided for in Article 13; (a) los bienes culturales gozan de la protección prevista en el artículo 12, o que previsto en el artículo 13;
(b) the means of transport exclusively engaged in the transfer of such cultural property. (b) los medios de transporte utilizados exclusivamente en la transferencia de dichos bienes culturales.
2. 2. Nothing in the present Article shall limit the right of visit and search. Nada de lo dispuesto en el presente Artículo limitará el derecho de visita y búsqueda.
CHAPTER IV : PERSONNEL CAPÍTULO IV: PERSONAL
Personnel Personal
Art. Art. 15. 15. As far as is consistent with the interests of security, personnel engaged in the protection of cultural property shall, in the interests of such property, be respected and, if they fall into the hands of the opposing Party, shall be allowed to continue to carry out duties whenever the cultural property for which they are responsible has also fallen into the hands of the opposing Party. En la medida en que sea compatible con los intereses de la seguridad, el personal que participa en la protección de los bienes culturales, de los intereses de dichos bienes, ser respetados y, en caso de que caigan en manos de la parte contraria, se permitirá que siga desempeñando sus funciones cuando los bienes culturales de los que son responsables también ha caído en manos de la parte contraria.
CHAPTER V : THE DISTINCTIVE EMBLEM CAPÍTULO V: el emblema distintivo
Emblem of the Convention Emblema de la Convención
Art. Art. 16. 16. 1. 1. The distinctive emblem of the Convention shall take the form of a shield, pointed below, per saltire blue and white (a shield consisting of a royal-blue square, one of the angles of which forms the point of the shield, and of a royal-blue triangle above the square, the space on either side being taken up by a white triangle). El emblema distintivo de la Convención adoptará la forma de un escudo, señaló a continuación, por SALTIRE azul y blanco (un escudo que consta de un real-cuadrado azul, uno de los ángulos de las formas que el punto de la pantalla, y de una real -triángulo azul por encima de la plaza, el espacio de cada lado que se están adoptando por un triángulo blanco).
2. 2. The emblem shall be used alone, or repeated three times in a triangular formation (one shield below), under the conditions provided for in Article 17. El emblema se utilizará por sí sola, o repetido tres veces en una formación triangular (por debajo de un escudo), en las condiciones previstas en el artículo 17.
Use of the Emblem Uso del emblema
Art. Art. 17. 17. 1. 1. The distinctive emblem repeated three times may be used only as a means of identification of: El emblema distintivo repetido tres veces sólo podrá ser utilizada como un medio de identificación de:
(a) immovable cultural property under special protection; (a) bienes inmuebles bienes culturales bajo protección especial;
(b) the transport of cultural property under the conditions provided for in Articles 12 and 13: (b) el transporte de los bienes culturales en las condiciones previstas en los artículos 12 y 13:
(c) improvised refuges, under the conditions provided for in the Regulations for the execution of the Convention. (c) los refugios improvisados, en las condiciones previstas en el Reglamento para la ejecución de la Convención.
2. 2. The distinctive emblem may be used alone only as a means of identification of: El emblema distintivo puede ser utilizado solo como un medio de identificación de:
(a) cultural property not under special protection; (a) los bienes culturales que no están bajo protección especial;
(b) the persons responsible for the duties of control in accordance with the Regulations for the execution of the Convention; (b) las personas encargadas de las funciones de control de conformidad con el Reglamento para la ejecución de la Convención;
(c) the personnel engaged in the protection of cultural property; (c) el personal que participa en la protección de los bienes culturales;
(d) the identity cards mentioned in the Regulations for the execution of the Convention. (d) los documentos de identidad mencionados en el Reglamento para la ejecución de la Convención.
3. 3. During an armed conflict, the use of the distinctive emblem in any other cases than those mentioned in the preceding paragraphs of the present Article, and the use for any purpose whatever of a sign resembling the distinctive emblem, shall be forbidden. Durante un conflicto armado, el uso del emblema distintivo en los demás casos distintos de los especificados en los apartados anteriores del presente artículo, y la utilización para cualquier fin sea cual sea de un signo que sugiera el emblema distintivo, será prohibido.
4. 4. The distinctive emblem may not be placed on any immovable cultural property unless at the same time there is displayed an authorization duly dated and signed by the competent authority of the High Contracting Party. El emblema distintivo no puede ser colocado en cualquier inmueble a menos que los bienes culturales, al mismo tiempo, se visualiza una autorización debidamente fechada y firmada por la autoridad competente de la Alta Parte Contratante.
CHAPTER VI : SCOPE OF APPLICATION OF THE CONVENTION CAPÍTULO VI: ÁMBITO DE APLICACIÓN DE LA CONVENCIÓN
Application of the Convention Aplicación de la Convención
Art. Art. 18. 18. 1. 1. Apart from the provisions which shall take effect in time of peace, the present Convention shall apply in the event of declared war or of any other armed conflict which may arise between two or more of the High Contracting Parties, even if the state of war is not recognized by one or more of them. Aparte de las disposiciones que surtirá efecto en tiempo de paz, en el presente Convenio se aplicará en caso de guerra declarada o de cualquier otro conflicto armado que surja entre dos o más de las Altas Partes Contratantes, incluso si el estado de guerra es no reconocido por uno o más de ellos.
2. 2. The Convention shall also apply to all cases of partial or total occupation of the territory of a High Contracting Party, even if the said occupation meets with no armed resistance. El Convenio se aplicará también a todos los casos de ocupación total o parcial del territorio de una Alta Parte Contratante, aunque tal ocupación no encuentre resistencia armada.
3. 3. If one of the Powers in conflict is not a Party to the present Convention, the Powers which are Parties thereto shall nevertheless remain bound by it in their mutual relations. Si una de las Potencias en conflicto no es una Parte en el presente Convenio, las Potencias que son Partes deberán, no obstante, siguen siendo obligadas por él en sus relaciones mutuas. They shall furthermore be bound by the Convention, in relation to the said Power, if the latter has declared that it accepts the provisions thereof and so long as it applies them. Ellos deberán, además, estar obligado por la Convención, en relación con dicho poder, si éste ha declarado que acepta las disposiciones de la misma y siempre que las aplica.
Conflicts Not of an International Character Los conflictos no sean de carácter internacional
Art. Art. 19. 19. 1. 1. In the event of an armed conflict not of an international character occurring within the territory of one of the High Contracting Parties, each party to the conflict shall be bound to apply, as a minimum, the provisions of the present Convention which relate to respect for cultural property. En el caso de un conflicto armado que no sea de índole internacional y que surja en el territorio de una de las Altas Partes Contratantes, cada una de las partes en el conflicto estará obligada a aplicar, como mínimo, las disposiciones de la presente Convención que se refieren al respeto de la los bienes culturales.
2. 2. The parties to the Conflict shall endeavour to bring into force, by means of special agreements, all or part of the other provisions of the present Convention. Las Partes en conflicto procurarán poner en vigor, mediante acuerdos especiales, la totalidad o parte de las demás disposiciones de la presente Convención.
3. 3. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization may offer its services to the parties to the conflict. De las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura podrá ofrecer sus servicios a las partes en el conflicto.
4. 4. The application of the preceding provisions shall not affect the legal status of the parties to the conflict. La aplicación de las disposiciones precedentes no afectará la situación jurídica de las partes en el conflicto.
CHAPTER VII : EXECUTION OF THE CONVENTION CAPÍTULO VII: LA EJECUCION DE LA CONVENCIÓN
Regulations for the Execution of the Convention Reglamento para la Ejecución de la Convención
Art. Art. 20. 20. The procedure by which the present Convention is to be applied is defined in the Regulations for its execution, which constitute an integral part thereof. El procedimiento por el cual la presente Convención se aplicará se define en el Reglamento para su ejecución, que constituyen una parte integrante del mismo.
Protecting Powers Potencias protectoras
Art. Art. 21. 21. The present Convention and the Regulations for its execution shall be applied with the co-operation of the Protecting Powers responsible for safeguarding the interests of the Parties to the conflict. El presente Convenio y el Reglamento para su ejecución se aplicarán con la cooperación de las Potencias protectoras encargadas de salvaguardar los intereses de las Partes en el conflicto.
Conciliation Procedure Procedimiento de conciliación
Art. Art. 22. 22. 1. 1. The Protecting Powers shall lend their good offices in all cases where they may deem it useful in the interests of cultural property, particularly if there is disagreement between the Parties to the conflict as to the application or interpretation of the provisions of the present Convention or the Regulations for its execution. Las Potencias protectoras se prestarán sus buenos oficios en todos los casos en que se puede considerar útil en los intereses de los bienes culturales, sobre todo si hay desacuerdo entre las Partes en conflicto en cuanto a la aplicación o interpretación de las disposiciones de la presente Convención o de la Reglamento para su ejecución.
2. 2. For this purpose, each of the Protecting Powers may, either at the invitation of one Party, of the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, or on its own initiative, propose to the Parties to the conflict a meeting of their representatives, and in particular of the authorities responsible for the protection of cultural property, if considered appropriate on suitably chosen neutral territory. Con este fin, cada una de las Potencias protectoras podrá, ya sea por invitación de una Parte, del Director General de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura, o por propia iniciativa, proponer a las Partes en conflicto una reunión de sus representantes y, en particular, de las autoridades encargadas de la protección de los bienes culturales, si se considera apropiado debidamente elegido en territorio neutral. The Parties to the conflict shall be bound to give effect to the proposals for meeting made to them. Las Partes en conflicto tendrá la obligación de dar efecto a las propuestas de reunión que se les hagan. The Protecting Powers shall propose for approval by the Parties to the conflict a person belonging to a neutral Power or a person presented by the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, which person shall be invited to take part in such a meeting in the capacity of Chairman. Las Potencias protectoras propondrá para su aprobación por las Partes en conflicto una persona perteneciente a una Potencia neutral o una persona presentado por el Director General de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura, que la persona será invitada a participar en estos una reunión en la capacidad de Presidente.
Assistance of UNESCO Asistencia de la UNESCO
Art. Art. 23. 23. 1. 1. The High Contracting Parties may call upon the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization for technical assistance in organizing the protection of their cultural property, or in connexion with any other problem arising out of the application of the present Convention or the Regulations for its execution. Las Altas Partes Contratantes podrá pedir a las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura para la asistencia técnica en la organización de la protección de sus bienes culturales, o en relación con cualquier otro problema que se deriven de la aplicación de la presente Convención o en el Reglamento para su ejecución . The Organization shall accord such assistance within the limits fixed by its programme and by its resources. La Organización prestará esa asistencia dentro de los límites fijados por su programa y sus recursos.
2. 2. The Organization is authorized to make, on its own initiative, proposals on this matter to the High Contracting Parties. La Organización está autorizado a hacer, por su propia iniciativa, propuestas sobre este asunto a las Altas Partes Contratantes.
Special Agreements Acuerdos especiales
Art. Art. 24. 24. 1. 1. The High Contracting Parties may conclude special agreements for all matters concerning which they deem it suitable to make separate provision. Las Altas Partes Contratantes podrán celebrar acuerdos especiales para todos los asuntos sobre los que lo consideren adecuadas para hacer disposición separada.
2. 2. No special agreement may be concluded which would diminish the protection afforded by the present Convention to cultural property and to the personnel engaged in its protection. No hay acuerdo puede ser llegado a la conclusión de que disminuya la protección otorgada por la presente Convención a los bienes culturales y al personal que participa en su protección.
Dissemination of the Convention Difusión de la Convención
Art. Art. 25. 25. The High Contracting Parties undertake, in time of peace as in time of armed conflict, to disseminate the text of the present Convention and the Regulations for its execution as widely as possible in their respective countries. Las Altas Partes Contratantes se comprometen, en tiempo de paz como en tiempo de conflicto armado, para difundir el texto de la presente Convención y el Reglamento para su ejecución lo más ampliamente posible en sus respectivos países. They undertake, in particular, to include the study thereof in their programmes of military and, if possible, civilian training, so that its principles are made known to the whole population, especially the armed forces and personnel engaged in the protection of cultural property. Se comprometen, en particular, a incluir su estudio en sus programas de militares y, si es posible, la formación civil, a fin de que sus principios se dan a conocer a toda la población, especialmente las fuerzas armadas y el personal que participa en la protección de bienes culturales.
Translations, Reports Traducciones, Informes
Art. Art. 26. 26. 1. 1. The High Contracting Parties shall communicate to one another, through the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, the official translations of the present Convention and of the Regulations for its execution. Las Altas Partes Contratantes se comunicarán mutuamente, por conducto del Director General de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura, las traducciones oficiales de la presente Convención y del Reglamento para su ejecución.
2. 2. Furthermore, at least once every four years, they shall forward to the Director-General a report giving whatever information they think suitable concerning any measures being taken, prepared or contemplated by their respective administrations in fulfilment of the present Convention and of the Regulations for its execution. Además, al menos una vez cada cuatro años, que remitirá al Director General un informe dando la información adecuada piensan acerca de cualquier medidas que se están adoptando, preparado o previstas por sus respectivas administraciones en el cumplimiento de la presente Convención y del Reglamento para su ejecución.
Meetings Reuniones
Art. Art. 27. 27. 1. 1. The Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization may, with the approval of the Executive Board, convene meetings of representatives of the High Contracting Parties. El Director General de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura podrá, con la aprobación del Consejo Ejecutivo, convocar reuniones de representantes de las Altas Partes Contratantes. He must convene such a meeting if at least one-fifth of the High Contracting Parties so request. Él debe convocar una reunión de ese tipo si al menos una quinta parte de las Altas Partes Contratantes así lo soliciten.
2. 2. Without prejudice to any other functions which have been conferred on it by the present Convention or the Regulations for its execution, the purpose of the meeting will be to study problems concerning the application of the Convention and of the Regulations for its execution, and to formulate recommendations in respect thereof. Sin perjuicio de cualesquiera otras funciones que han sido conferidas por la presente Convención o el Reglamento para su ejecución, el propósito de la reunión será estudiar los problemas relativos a la aplicación de la Convención y del Reglamento para su ejecución, y para formular recomendaciones al respecto.
3. 3. The meeting may further undertake a revision of the Convention or the Regulations for its execution if the majority of the High Contracting Parties are represented, and in accordance with the provisions of Article 39. La reunión podrá además realizar una revisión de la Convención o en el Reglamento para su ejecución si la mayoría de las Altas Partes Contratantes están representados, y de conformidad con las disposiciones del artículo 39.
Sanctions Sanciones
Art. Art. 28. 28. The High Contracting Parties undertake to take, within the framework of their ordinary criminal jurisdiction, all necessary steps to prosecute and impose penal or disciplinary sanctions upon those persons, of whatever nationality, who commit or order to be committed a breach of the present Convention. Las Altas Partes Contratantes se comprometen a adoptar, en el marco de su jurisdicción penal ordinaria, todas las medidas necesarias para enjuiciar e imponer sanciones penales o disciplinarias a las personas, cualquiera que sea su nacionalidad, que cometan u ordenen que se cometan una infracción de la presente Convención.
FINAL PROVISIONS DISPOSICIONES FINALES
Languages Idiomas
Art. Art. 29. 29. 1. 1. The present Convention is drawn up in English, French, Russian and Spanish, the four texts being equally authoritative. El presente Convenio está redactado en Inglés, francés, ruso y español, siendo los cuatro textos igualmente auténticos.
2. 2. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization shall arrange for translations of the Convention into the other official languages of its General Conference. De las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura se encargará de las traducciones de la Convención en los demás idiomas oficiales de su Conferencia General.
Signature Firma
Art. Art. 30. 30. The present Convention shall bear the date of 14 May 1954 and, until the date of 31 December 1954, shall remain open for signature by all States invited to the Conference which met at The Hague from 21 April 1954 to 14 May 1954. La presente Convención deberá figurar la fecha de 14 de mayo de 1954 y, hasta la fecha de 31 de diciembre de 1954, quedará abierto a la firma de todos los Estados invitados a la Conferencia que se reunió en La Haya entre el 21 de abril 1954 al 14 de mayo de 1954.
Ratification Ratificación
Art. Art. 31. 31. 1. 1. The present Convention shall be subject to ratification by Signatory States in accordance with their respective constitutional procedures. El presente Convenio estará sujeto a ratificación por los Estados signatarios, de conformidad con sus respectivos procedimientos constitucionales.
2. 2. The instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Los instrumentos de ratificación serán depositados ante el Director General de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura.
Accession Adhesión
Art. Art. 32. 32. From the date of its entry into force, the present Convention shall be open for accession by all States mentioned in Article 30 which have not signed it, as well as any other State invited to accede by the Executive Board of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. A partir de la fecha de su entrada en vigor, el presente Convenio estará abierto a la adhesión de todos los Estados mencionados en el artículo 30 que no han firmado, así como cualquier otro Estado invitado a adherirse por el Consejo Ejecutivo de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura. Accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of accession with the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. La adhesión se efectuará mediante el depósito de un instrumento de adhesión ante el Director General de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura.
Entry into Force Entrada en vigor
Art. Art. 33. 33. 1. 1. The present Convention shall enter into force three months after five instruments of ratification have been deposited. La presente Convención entrará en vigor tres meses después de que cinco instrumentos de ratificación se hayan depositado.
2. 2. Thereafter, it shall enter into force, for each High Contracting Party, three months after the deposit of its instrument of ratification or accession. Posteriormente, entrará en vigor, para cada Alta Parte Contratante, tres meses después del depósito de su instrumento de ratificación o de adhesión.
3. 3. The situations referred to in Articles 18 and 19 shall give immediate effect to ratifications or accessions deposited by the Parties to the conflict either before or after the beginning of hostilities or occupation. Las situaciones contempladas en los artículos 18 y 19 dará efecto inmediato a las ratificaciones o adhesiones depositadas por las Partes en conflicto antes o después del comienzo de las hostilidades o la ocupación. In such cases the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization shall transmit the communications referred to in Article 38 by the speediest method. En tales casos, el Director General de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura transmitirá las comunicaciones a que se refiere el artículo 38 por la vía más rápida.
Effective Application La aplicación efectiva
Art. Art. 34. 34. 1. 1. Each State Party to the Convention on the date of its entry into force shall take all necessary measures to ensure its effective application within a period of six months after such entry into force. Cada Estado Parte en la Convención sobre la fecha de su entrada en vigor adoptará todas las medidas necesarias para garantizar su aplicación efectiva en un plazo de seis meses después de dicha entrada en vigor.
2. 2. This period shall be six months from the date of deposit of the instruments of ratification or accession for any State which deposits its instrument of ratification or accession after the date of the entry into force of the Convention. Este plazo será de seis meses a partir de la fecha de depósito de los instrumentos de ratificación o adhesión de cualquier Estado que deposite su instrumento de ratificación o de adhesión después de la fecha de la entrada en vigor de la Convención.
Territorial Extension of the Convention Extensión territorial de la Convención
Art. Art. 35. 35. Any High Contracting Party may, at the time of ratification or accession, or at any time thereafter, declare by notification addressed to the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, that the present Convention shall extend to all or any of the territories for whose international relations it is responsible. Toda Alta Parte Contratante podrá, en el momento de la ratificación o de adhesión, o en cualquier momento posterior, declarar por notificación dirigida al Director General de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura, que en la presente Convención se extenderá a la totalidad oa una de los territorios de cuyas relaciones internacionales sea responsable. The said notification shall take effect three months after the date of its receipt. La notificación surtirá efecto tres meses después de la fecha de su recepción.
Relation to Previous Conventions Relación con los convenios anteriores
Art. Art. 36. 36. 1. 1. In the relations between Powers which are bound by the Conventions of The Hague concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land (IV) and concerning Naval Bombardment in Time of War (IX), whether those of 29 July 1899 or those of 18 October 1907, and which are Parties to the present Convention, this last Convention shall be supplementary to the aforementioned Convention (IX) and to the Regulations annexed to the aforementioned Convention (IV) and shall substitute for the emblem described in Article 5 of the aforementioned Convention (IX) the emblem described in Article 16 of the Present Convention, in cases in which the present Convention and the Regulations for its execution provide for the use of this distinctive emblem. En las relaciones entre los poderes que están obligados por los Convenios de La Haya sobre las leyes y costumbres de la guerra terrestre (IV) relativa a Naval y bombardeo en tiempo de guerra (IX), ya se trate de 29 de julio de 1899 o los del 18 de octubre de 1907 , Y que sean Partes en la presente Convención, este último Convenio se aplicará como complemento de la Convención (IX) y el Reglamento anexo a la mencionada Convención (IV), y para sustituir el emblema descrito en el artículo 5 del citado Convenio ( IX), el emblema descrito en el artículo 16 de la presente Convención, en los casos en que la presente Convención y el Reglamento para su ejecución para el uso de este emblema distintivo.
2. 2. In the relations between Powers which are bound by the Washington Pact of 15 April 1935 for the Protection of Artistic and Scientific Institutions and of Historic Monuments (Roerich Pact) and which are Parties to the present Convention, the latter Convention shall be supplementary to the Roerich Pact and shall substitute for the distinguishing flag described in Article III of the Pact the emblem defined in Article 16 of the present Convention, in cases in which the present Convention and the Regulations for its execution provide for the use of this distinctive emblem. En las relaciones entre los poderes que están vinculados por el Pacto de Washington de 15 de abril de 1935 para la protección de los artísticas y científicas de las instituciones y Monumentos Históricos (Pacto Roerich) y que sean Partes en la presente Convención, este último Convenio se aplicará como complemento a la Roerich Pacto y sustituto de la bandera distintiva descrita en el artículo III del Pacto el emblema se define en el artículo 16 de la presente Convención, en los casos en que la presente Convención y el Reglamento para su ejecución para el uso de este emblema distintivo.
Denunciation Denuncia
Art. Art. 37. 37. 1. 1. Each High Contracting Party may denounce the present Convention, on its own behalf, or on behalf of any territory for whose international relations it is responsible. Cada una de las Altas Partes Contratantes podrá denunciar la presente Convención, en su propio nombre o en nombre de cualquier territorio de cuyas relaciones internacionales sea responsable.
2. 2. The denunciation shall be notified by an instrument in writing, deposited with the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. La denuncia se notificará mediante un instrumento escrito depositado ante el Director General de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura.
3. 3. The denunciation shall take effect one year after the receipt of the instrument of denunciation. La denuncia surtirá efecto un año después de la recepción del instrumento de denuncia. However, if, on the expiry of this period, the denouncing Party is involved in an armed conflict, the denunciation shall not take effect until the end of hostilities, or until the operations of repatriating cultural property are completed, whichever is the later. Sin embargo, si, sobre la expiración de este período, la Parte denunciante está involucrado en un conflicto armado, la denuncia no surtirá efecto hasta el fin de las hostilidades, o hasta que las operaciones de repatriación de bienes culturales se han completado, si ésta es posterior.
Notifications Notificaciones
Art. Art. 38. 38. The Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization shall inform the States referred to in Articles 30 and 32, as well as the United Nations, of the deposit of all the instruments of ratification, accession or acceptance provided for in Articles 31, 32 and 39 and of the notifications and denunciations provided for respectively in Articles 35, 37 and 39. El Director General de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura informará a los Estados a que se refiere en los artículos 30 y 32, así como las Naciones Unidas, del depósito de todos los instrumentos de ratificación, adhesión o aceptación prevista en los artículos 31, 32 y 39 y de las notificaciones y denuncias previstas respectivamente en los artículos 35, 37 y 39.
Revision of the Convention and of the Regulations for its Execution Revisión de la Convención y del Reglamento para su ejecución
Art. Art. 39. 39. 1. 1. Any High Contracting Party may propose amendments to the present Convention or the Regulations for its execution. Cualquier Alta Parte Contratante podrá proponer enmiendas a la presente Convención o en el Reglamento para su ejecución. The text of any proposed amendment shall be communicated to the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization who shall transmit it to each High Contracting Party with the request that such Party reply El texto de cualquier propuesta de enmienda serán comunicadas al Director General de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura, quien la transmitirá a cada Alta Parte Contratante con la petición de que dicha Parte respuesta
within four months stating whether it: un plazo de cuatro meses indicando si:
(a) desires that a Conference be convened to consider (a) desea que se convoque una conferencia para examinar
the proposed amendment; la propuesta de modificación;
(b) favours the acceptance of the proposed amendment (b) a favor de la aceptación de la enmienda propuesta
without a Conference; or sin una Conferencia, o
(c) favours the rejection of the proposed amendment (c) favorece el rechazo de la propuesta de modificación
without a Conference. sin una Conferencia.
2. 2. The Director-General shall transmit the replies, received under paragraph I of the present Article, to all High Contracting Parties. El Director General transmitirá las respuestas, recibidas en virtud del párrafo I del presente artículo, a todas las Altas Partes Contratantes.
3. 3. If all the High Contracting Parties which have, within the prescribed time-limit, stated their views to the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, pursuant to paragraph 1 (b) of this Article, inform him that they favour acceptance of the amendment without a Conference, notification of their decision shall be made by the Director-General in accordance with Article 38. Si todas las Altas Partes Contratantes que, dentro del plazo prescrito, expresaron su opinión al Director General de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura, de conformidad con el párrafo 1 (b) del presente artículo, se le informará de que favor de la aceptación de la enmienda, sin una Conferencia, la notificación de su decisión deberá ser presentada por el Director General de conformidad con el artículo 38. The amendment shall become effective for all the High Contracting Parties on the expiry of ninety days from the date of such notification. La enmienda entrará en vigor para todas las Altas Partes Contratantes en el término de noventa días a partir de la fecha de dicha notificación.
4. 4. The Director-General shall convene a Conference of the High Contracting Parties to consider the proposed amendment if requested to do so by more than one-third of the High Contracting Parties. El Director General convocará una Conferencia de las Altas Partes Contratantes a considerar la propuesta de modificación si así lo solicita más de un tercio de las Altas Partes Contratantes.
5. 5. Amendments to the Convention or to the Regulations for its execution, dealt with under the provisions of the preceding paragraph, shall enter into force only after they have been unanimously adopted by the High Contracting Parties represented at the Conference and accepted by each of the High Contracting Parties. Enmiendas a la Convención o del Reglamento para su ejecución, se ocupó de conformidad con las disposiciones del párrafo anterior, entrará en vigor sólo después de haber sido aprobado por unanimidad por las Altas Partes Contratantes representadas en la Conferencia y aceptadas por cada una de las Altas Partes Contratantes Partes.
6. 6. Acceptance by the High Contracting Parties of amendments to the Convention or to the Regulations for its execution, which have been adopted by the Conference mentioned in paragraphs 4 and 5, shall be effected by the deposit of a formal instrument with the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. La aceptación por las Altas Partes Contratantes de las enmiendas al Convenio o con el Reglamento para su ejecución, que han sido adoptadas por la Conferencia mencionadas en los párrafos 4 y 5, se efectuará mediante el depósito de un instrumento formal ante el Director General de la De las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura.
7. 7. After the entry into force of amendments to the present Convention or to the Regulations for its execution, only the text of the Convention or of the Regulations for its execution thus amended shall remain open for ratification or accession. Después de la entrada en vigor de enmiendas a la presente Convención o con el Reglamento para su ejecución, sólo el texto de la Convención o del Reglamento para su ejecución así modificado permanecerá abierto para su ratificación o de adhesión.
Registration Registro
Art. Art. 40. 40. In accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations, the present Convention shall be registered with the Secretariat of the United Nations at the request of the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. De conformidad con el artículo 102 de la Carta de las Naciones Unidas, la presente Convención será registrada con la Secretaría de las Naciones Unidas a petición del Director General de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura.
In faith whereof the undersigned, duly authorized, have signed the present Convention. En fe de lo cual, los abajo firmantes, debidamente autorizados, han firmado el presente Convenio.
Done at The Hague, this fourteenth day of May 1954, in a single copy which shall be deposited in the archives of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, and certified true copies of which shall be delivered to all the States referred to in Articles 30 and 32 as well as to the United Nations. Hecho en La Haya, el catorce de mayo de 1954, en un solo ejemplar que será depositado en los archivos de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura, y copias autenticadas de los cuales se entregarán a todos los Estados a que se refiere el Los artículos 30 y 32, así como a las Naciones Unidas.
REGULATIONS FOR THE EXECUTION OF THE CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF CULTURAL PROPERTY IN EVENT OF ARMED CONFLICT Reglamento para la ejecución de la convención para la protección de los bienes culturales en caso de conflicto armado
CHAPTER I : CONTROL CAPÍTULO I: CONTROL
International List of Persons Lista Internacional de las Personas
Article 1. Artículo 1. On the entry into force of the Convention, the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization shall compile an international list consisting of all persons nominated by the High Contracting Parties as qualified to carry out the functions of Commissioner-General for Cultural Property. En la fecha de entrada en vigor de la Convención, el Director General de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura elaborará una lista internacional que consta de todas las personas designadas por las Altas Partes Contratantes como calificados para llevar a cabo las funciones de Comisario General de Bienes Culturales. On the initiative of the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, this list shall be periodically revised on the basis of requests formulated by the High Contracting Parties.
Organization of Control
Art. 2. 2. As soon as any High Contracting Party is engaged in an armed conflict to which Article 18 of the
Convention applies:
(a) It shall appoint a representative for cultural property situated in its territory; if it is in occupation of another territory, it shall appoint a special representative for cultural property situated in that territory;
(b) The Protecting Power acting for each of the Parties in conflict with such High Contracting Party shall appoint delegates accredited to the latter in conformity with Article 3 below;
(c) A Commissioner-General for Cultural Property shall be appointed to such High Contracting Party in accordance with Article 4.
Appointment of Delegates of Protecting Powers
Art. 3. 3. The Protecting Power shall appoint its delegates from among the members of its diplomatic or consular staff or, with the approval of the Party to which they will be accredited, from among other persons.
Appointment of Commissioner-General
Art. 4. 4. 1. 1. The Commissioner-General for Cultural Property shall be chosen from the international list of persons by joint agreement between the Party to which he will be accredited and the Protecting Powers acting on behalf of the opposing Parties.
2. 2. Should the Parties fail to reach agreement within three weeks from the beginning of their discussions on this point, they shall request the President of the International Court of Justice to appoint the Commissioner-General, who shall not take up his duties until the Party to which he is accredited has approved his appointment.
Functions of Delegates
Art. 5. 5. The delegates of the Protecting Powers shall take note of violations of the Convention, investigate, with the approval of the Party to which they are accredited, the circumstances in which they have occurred, make representations locally to secure their cessation and, if necessary, notify the Commissioner-General of such violations. They shall keep him informed of their activities.
Functions of the Commissioner-General
Art. 6. 1. 1. The Commissioner-General for Cultural Property shall deal with all matters referred to him in connexion with the application of the Convention, in conjunction with the representative of the Party to which he is accredited and with the delegates concerned.
2. 2. He shall have powers of decision and appointment in the cases specified in the present Regulations.
3. 3. With the agreement of the Party to which he is accredited, he shall have the right to order an investigation or to conduct it himself.
4. 4. He shall make any representations to the Parties to the conflict or to their Protecting Powers which he deems useful for the application of the Convention.
5. 5. He shall draw up such reports as may be necessary on the application of the Convention and communicate them to the Parties concerned and to their Protecting Powers. He shall send copies to the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, who may make use only of their technical contents.
6. If there is no protecting Power, the Commissioner-General shall exercise the functions of the Protecting Power as laid down in Articles 21 and 22 of the Convention.
Inspectors and Experts
Art. 7. 1. 1. Whenever the Commissioner-General for Cultural Property considers it necessary, either at the request of the delegates concerned or after consultation with them, he shall propose, for the approval of the Party to which he is accredited, an inspector of cultural property to be charged with a specific mission. An inspector shall be responsible only to the Commissioner-General.
2. 2. The Commissioner-General, delegates and inspectors may have recourse to the services of experts, who will also be proposed for the approval of the Party mentioned in the preceding paragraph.
Discharge of the Mission of Control
Art. 8. The Commissioners-General for Cultural Property, delegates of the Protecting Powers, inspectors and experts shall in no case exceed their mandates. In particular, they shall take account of the security needs of the High Contracting Party to which they are accredited and shall in all circumstances act in accordance with the requirements of the military situation as communicated to them by that High Contracting Party.
Substitutes for Protecting Powers
Art. 9. If a Party to the conflict does not benefit or ceases to benefit from the activities of a Protecting Power, a neutral State may be asked to undertake those functions of a Protecting Power which concern the appointment of a Commissioner-General for Cultural Property in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 4. The Commissioner-General thus appointed shall, if need be, entrust to inspectors the functions of delegates of Protecting Powers as specified in the present Regulations.
Expenses
Art. 10. The remuneration and expenses of the Commissioner-General for Cultural Property, inspectors and experts shall be met by the Party to which they are accredited. Remuneration and expenses of delegates of the Protecting Powers shall be subject to agreement between those Powers and the States whose interests they are safeguarding.
CHAPTER II : SPECIAL PROTECTION
Improvised Refuges
Art. 11. 1. 1. If, during an armed conflict, any High Contracting Party is induced by unforeseen circumstances to set up an improvised refuge and desires that it should be placed under special protection, it shall communicate this fact forthwith to the Commissioner-General accredited to that Party.
2. 2. If the Commissioner-General considers that such a measure is justified by the circumstances and by the importance of the cultural property sheltered in this improvised refuge, he may authorize the High Contracting Party to display on such refuge the distinctive emblem defined in Article 16 of the Convention. He shall communicate his decision without delay to the delegates of the Protecting Powers who are concerned, each of whom may, within a time-limit of 30 days, order the immediate withdrawal of the emblem.
3. 3. As soon as such delegates have signified their agreement or if the time-limit of 30 days has passed without any of the delegates concerned having made an objection, and if, in the view of the Commissioner-General, the refuge fulfils the conditions laid down in Article 8 of the Convention, the Commissioner-General shall request the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization to enter the refuge in the Register of Cultural Property under Special Protection.
International Register of Cultural Property Under Special Protection
Art. 12. 1. 1. An "International Register of Cultural Property under Special Protection" shall be prepared.
2. 2. The Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization shall maintain this Register. He shall furnish copies to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and to the High Contracting Parties.
3. 3. The Register shall be divided into sections, each in the name of a High Contracting Party. Each section
shall be sub-divided into three paragraphs, headed: Refuges, Centres containing Monuments, Other Immovable Cultural Property. The Director-General shall determine what details each section shall contain.
Requests for Registration
Art. 13. 1. 1. Any High Contracting Party may submit to the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization an application for the entry in the Register of certain refuges, centres containing monuments or other immovable cultural property situated within its territory. Such application shall contain a description of the location of such property and shall certify that the property complies with the provisions of Article 8 of the Convention.
2. 2. In the event of occupation, the Occupying Power shall be competent to make such application.
3. 3. The Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization shall, without delay, send copies of applications for registration to each of the High Contracting Parties.
Objections
Art. 14. 1. 1. Any High Contracting Party may, by letter addressed to the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, lodge an objection to the registration of cultural property. This letter must be received by him within four months of the day on which he sent a copy of the application for registration.
2. 2. Such objection shall state the reasons giving rise to it, the only valid grounds being that:
(a) the property is not cultural property;
(b) the property does not comply with the conditions mentioned in Article 8 of the Convention.
3. 3. The Director-General shall send a copy of the letter of objection to the High Contracting Parties without delay. He shall, if necessary, seek the advice of the International Committee on Monuments, Artistic and Historical Sites and Archaeological Excavations and also, if he thinks fit, of any other competent organization or person.
4. 4. The Director-General, or the High Contracting Party requesting registration, may make whatever representations they deem necessary to the High Contracting Parties which lodged the objection, with a view to causing the objection to be withdrawn.
5. 5. If a High Contracting Party which has made an application for registration in time of peace becomes involved in an armed conflict before the entry has been made, the cultural property concerned shall at once be provisionally entered in the Register, by the Director-General, pending the confirmation, withdrawal or cancellation of any objection that may be, or may have been, made.
6. If, within a period of six months from the date of receipt of the letter of objection, the Director-General has not received from the High Contracting Party lodging the objection a communication stating that it has been withdrawn, the High Contracting Party applying for registration may request arbitration in accordance with the procedure in the following paragraph.
7. The request for arbitration shall not be made more than one year after the date of receipt by the Director-General of the letter of objection. Each of the two Parties to the dispute shall appoint an arbitrator. When more than one objection has been lodged against an application for registration, the High Contracting Parties which have lodged the objections shall, by common consent, appoint a single arbitrator. These two arbitrators shall select a chief arbitrator from the international list mentioned in Article I of the present Regulations. If such arbitrators cannot agree upon their choice, they shall ask the President of the International Court of Justice to appoint a chief arbitrator who need not necessarily be chosen from the international list. The arbitral tribunal thus constituted shall fix its own procedure. There shall be no appeal from its decisions.
8. Each of the High Contracting Parties may declare, whenever a dispute to which it is a Party arises, that it does not wish to apply the arbitration procedure provided for in the preceding paragraph. In such cases, the objection to an application for registration shall be submitted by the Director-General to the High Contracting Parties. The objection will be confirmed only if the High Contracting Parties so decide by a two-third majority of the High Contracting Parties voting. The vote shall be taken by correspondence, unless the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization deems it essential to convene a meeting under the powers conferred upon him by Article 27 of the Convention. If the Director-General decides to proceed with the vote by correspondence, he shall invite the High Contracting Parties to transmit their votes by sealed letter within six months from the day on which they were invited to do so.
Registration
Art. 15. 1. 1. The Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization shall cause to be entered in the Register. under a serial number, each item of property for which application for registration is made, provided that he has not received an objection within the time-limit prescribed in Paragraph I of Article 14.
2. 2. If an objection has been lodged, and without prejudice to the provision of paragraph 5 of Article 14, the Director-General shall enter property in the Register only if the objection has been withdrawn or has failed to be confirmed following the procedures laid down in either paragraph 7 or paragraph 8 of Article 14.
3. 3. Whenever paragraph 3 of Article 11 applies, the Director-General shall enter property in the Register if so requested by the Commissioner-General for Cultural Property.
4. 4. The Director-General shall send without delay to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, to the High Contracting Parties, and, at the request of the Party applying for registration, to all other States referred to in Articles 30 and 32 of the Convention, a certified copy of each entry in the Register. Entries shall become effective thirty days after despatch of such copies.
Cancellation
Art. 16. 1. 1. The Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization shall
cause the registration of any property to be cancelled:
(a) at the request of the High Contracting Party within whose territory the cultural property is situated;
(b) if the High Contracting Party which requested registration has denounced the Convention, and when that denunciation has taken effect;
(c) in the special case provided for in Article 14, paragraph 5, when an objection has been confirmed following the procedures mentioned either in paragraph 7 or in paragraph 8 of Article 14.
2. 2. The Director-General shall send without delay, to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and to all States which received a copy of the entry in the Register, a certified copy of its cancellation. Cancellation shall take effect thirty days after the despatch of such copies.
CHAPTER III : TRANSPORT OF CULTURAL PROPERTY
Procedure to Obtain Immunity
Art. 17. 1. 1. The request mentioned in paragraph 1 of Article 12 of the Convention shall be addressed to the Commissioner-General for Cultural Property. It shall mention the reasons on which it is based and specify the approximate number and the importance of the objects to be transferred, their present location, the location now envisaged, the means of transport to be used, the route to be followed, the date proposed for the transfer, and any other relevant information.
2. 2. If the Commissioner-General, after taking such opinions as he deems fit, considers that such transfer is justified, he shall consult those delegates of the Protecting Powers who are concerned, on the measures proposed for carrying it out. Following such consultation, he shall notify the Parties to the conflict concerned of the transfer, including in such notification all useful in formation.
3. 3. The Commissioner-General shall appoint one or more inspectors, who shall satisfy themselves that only the property stated in the request is to be transferred and that the transport is to be by the approved methods and bears the distinctive emblem. The inspector or inspectors shall accompany the property to its destination.
Transport Abroad
Art. 18. Where the transfer under special protection is to the territory of another country, it shall be governed not only by Article 12 of the Convention and by Article 17 of the present Regulations, but by the
following further provisions:
(a) while the cultural property remains on the territory of another State, that State shall be its depositary and shall extend to it as great a measure of care as that which it bestows upon its own cultural property of comparable importance;
(b) the depositary State shall return the property only on the cessation of the conflict; such return shall be effected within six months from the date on which it was requested;
(c) during the various transfer operations, and while it remains on the territory of another State, the cultural property shall be exempt from confiscation and may not be disposed of either by the depositor or by the depositary. Nevertheless, when the safety of the property requires it, the depositary may, with the assent of the depositor, have the property transported to the territory of a third country, under the conditions laid down in the present article;
(d) the request for special protection shall indicate that the State to whose territory the property is to be transferred accepts the provisions of the present Article.
Occupied Territory
Art. 19. Whenever a High Contracting Party occupying territory of another High Contracting Party transfers cultural property to a refuge situated elsewhere in that territory, without being able to follow the procedure provided for in Article 17 of the Regulations, the transfer in question shall not be regarded as misappropriation within the meaning of Article 4 of the Convention, provided that the Commissioner-General for Cultural Property certifies in writing, after having consulted the usual custodians, that such transfer was rendered necessary by circumstances.
CHAPTER IV : THE DISTINCTIVE EMBLEM
Affixing of the Emblem
Art. 20. 1. 1. The placing of the distinctive emblem and its degree of visibility shall be left to the discretion of the competent authorities of each High Contracting Party. It may be displayed on flags or armlets; it may be painted on an object or represented in any other appropriate form.
2. 2. However, without prejudice to any possible fuller markings, the emblem shall, in the event of armed conflict and in the cases mentioned in Articles 12 and 13 of the Convention, be placed on the vehicles of transport so as to be clearly visible in daylight from the air as well as from the ground.
The emblem shall be visible from the ground:
(a) at regular intervals sufficient to indicate clearly the perimeter of a centre containing monuments under special protection;
(b) at the entrance to other immovable cultural property under special protection.
Identification of Persons
Art. 21. 1. 1. The persons mentioned in Article 17, paragraph 2 (b) and (c) of the Convention may wear an armlet bearing the distinctive emblem, issued and stamped by the competent authorities.
2. 2. Such persons shall carry a special identity card bearing the distinctive emblem. This card shall mention at least the surname and first names, the date of birth, the title or rank, and the function of the holder. The card shall bear the photograph of the holder as well as his signature or his fingerprints, or both. It shall bear the embossed stamp of the competent authorities.
3. 3. Each High Contracting Party shall make out its own type of identity card, guided by the model annexed, by way of example, to the present Regulations. The High Contracting Parties shall transmit to each other a specimen of the model they are using. Identity cards shall be made out, if possible, at least in duplicate, one copy being kept by the issuing Power.
4. 4. The said persons may not, without legitimate reason, be deprived of their identity card or of the right to wear the armlet.
(Here follow signatures)
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